Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2003) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2003) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

	Trinidad and Tobago (2003)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	8 counties, 3 municipalities, and 1 ward*; Arima, Caroni, Mayaro, Nariva, Port-of-Spain, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick, San Fernando, Tobago*, Victoria	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 22.2% (male 125,470; female 119,270) 15-64 years: 70% (male 402,137; female 370,600) 65 years and over: 7.9% (male 38,928; female 47,804) (2003 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry	-
Airports	6 (2002)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002)	-
Area	total: 5,128 sq km land: 5,128 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Delaware	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	The islands came under British control in the 19th century; independence was granted in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean, thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.
Birth rate	12.74 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $1.54 billion expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (1998)	-
Capital	Port-of-Spain	-
Climate	tropical; rainy season (June to December)	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	362 km	NA km
Constitution	1 August 1976	-
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI
Currency	Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)	-
Death rate	8.71 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Debt - external	$2.8 billion (2002 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain telephone: [1] (868) 622-6372 through 6376, 622-6176 FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Marina Annette VALERE (as of February 2003) chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490 FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130 consulate(s) general: Miami and New York	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force
Economic aid - recipient	$24 million (1999 est.)	-
Economy - overview	Trinidad and Tobago has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. A leading performer the past four years has been the booming natural gas sector. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a trade surplus. The year 2002 was marked by solid growth in the oil sector, offset in part by domestic political uncertainty.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.
Electricity - consumption	4.943 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production	5.315 billion kWh (2001)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 99.8% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0.2% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	black 39.5%, East Indian (a local term - primarily immigrants from northern India) 40.3%, mixed 18.4%, white 0.6%, Chinese and other 1.2%	-
Exchange rates	Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.24 (2002), 6.23 (2001), 6.3 (2000), 6.3 (1999), 6.3 (1998)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term; election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held NA 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%	-
Exports	NA (2001)	-
Exports - commodities	petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers	-
Exports - partners	US 56.9%, Jamaica 7.3%, France 4.4% (2002)	-
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	-
Flag description	red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $11.07 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1.6% industry: 43.2% services: 55.2% (2000 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $10,000 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	3.2% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	11 00 N, 61 00 W	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia
Highways	total: 8,320 km paved: 4,252 km unpaved: 4,068 km (1999 est.)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis	-
Imports	NA (2001)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals	-
Imports - partners	US 42%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.5%, UK 5%, Japan 4.5%, Brazil 4.3% (2002)	-
Independence	31 August 1962 (from UK)	-
Industrial production growth rate	2.6% (2002 est.)	-
Industries	petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 24.97 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.93 deaths/1,000 live births female: 22.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.3% (2002 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	17 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	30 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London	-
Labor force	564,000 (2000)	-
Labor force - by occupation	construction and utilities 12.4%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, agriculture 9.5%, services 64.1% (1997 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 14.62% permanent crops: 9.16% other: 76.22% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)
Languages	English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese	-
Legal system	based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; members appointed by the president for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16 note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly, with 15 members serving four-year terms	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 69.59 years male: 67.07 years female: 72.23 years (2003 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 99.1% female: 98% (2003 est.)	-
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,032 GRT/5,106 DWT ships by type: cargo 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, short-sea passenger 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: US 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (including Ground Force, Coast Guard, and Air Wing), Trinidad and Tobago Police Service	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$90 million (1999)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.4% (1999)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 327,823 (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 233,488 (2003 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 August (1962)	-
Nationality	noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s) adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian	-
Natural hazards	outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, asphalt	fish
Net migration rate	-10.79 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-
Pipelines	condensate 253 km; gas 1,117 km; oil 478 km (2003)	-
Political parties and leaders	National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Hochoy CHARLES]; People's Empowerment Party or PEP [leader NA]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TUN [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Jamaat-al Musilmeen [Yasin BAKR]	-
Population	1,104,209 (July 2003 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited
Population below poverty line	21% (1992 est.)	-
Population growth rate	-0.68% (2003 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)	0 (2003)
Railways	minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando; common carrier railway service was discontinued in 1968 (2001)	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 29.4%, Hindu 23.8%, Anglican 10.9%, Muslim 5.8%, Presbyterian 3.4%, other 26.7%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: excellent international service; good local service domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Telephones - main lines in use	252,000 (1999)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	17,411 (1997)	-
Television broadcast stations	4 (1997)	0 (2003)
Terrain	mostly plains with some hills and low mountains	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Total fertility rate	1.78 children born/woman (2003 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	10.8% (2002)	-
Waterways	none	-

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